Botanical Name Plant's Common Name Plant Family   

   MT028 : Spondias pinnata (L. f.) Kurz

Plant Category : Tree

Melghat's Flora's Serial No. : 97

Synonym : Evia amara Comm. ex Bl.; Spondias acuminata Roxb.; Spondias amara Lam.; Spondias bivenomarginalis K.M. Feng & P.Y. Mao.; Spondias macrophylla Wall.; Spondias mangifera Willd.; Spondias paniculata Roxb. ex Wight & Arn.; Wirtgenia decandra Jungh.;

Plant Common Name : Amra, Katamba, K-kekda Ka Tamba, Wild Mango, Andaman mombin, Indian hog plum, Indian mombin • Hindi: ambara, ambari, amra, bhringi-phal, metula, pashu-haritaki, pitan • Manipuri: Heining • Marathi: amada, ambada, dholamba, khatamba, ranamba • Malayalam: ampazham • Telugu: adavimamidi, adhvamu, ambalamu • Bengali: aamada, aamraata, aamraataka • Oriya: Ambaada • Konkani: ambade, ambado • Assamese: aamrata • Gujarati: ambaada • Khasi: Dieng-sohpier • Mizo: Tawitaw • Sanskrit: aamraata, amraatakah, metula, pitan • Tamil: kincam, pulima • Nepali: amaro • Tangkhul: Khursongthei

Plant Family : Anacardiaceae

Description : Deciduous trees, to 25 m high, bark 15-25 mm thick, surface grey to pale brown, smooth, vertically striated; outer bark 1 mm thick, dead, corky; inner bark semi fibrous, pink, streaked with white; blaze pink; exudation colour less, gummy. Leaves imparipinnate, alternate, clustered at the end of branches, estipulate; rachis 25-45 cm, slender, glabrous, swollen at base; leaflets 5-21, opposite or subopposite; petiolule 2-8 mm long, slender, glabrous; lamina 4-23 x 2.5-10 cm, oblong, elliptic or elliptic-oblong, base obtuse, subacute, oblique or round, apex acuminate or obtusely acuminate, margin entire, glabrous, chartaceous or membranous; lateral nerves many, parallel, close, slender, prominent, connected by an intramarginal nerve, intercostae reticulate. Flowers polygamous, yellowish-white, subsessile, in terminal spreading panicles; calyx small; lobes 5, imbricate, deciduous; petals 5, oblong, glabrous, spreading, valvate; disc thick, annular, 10-crenate; stamens 10, inserted below the disc; filaments slender; anthers versatile; ovary ovoid or subglobose, superior, immersed in the disc, 5-celled, 1 ovule in each cell, pendulous; styles 5, connivent; stigma spreading. Fruit a fleshy drupe, 3.8-5 cm long, yellow, endocarp woody surround by longitudinal interwoven fibres; seeds 1-3, of which only one is perfect, pendulous, oblong.

Plant Location in Melghat : Koktu valley, Andheri Khora, Betha pati

Medicinal Use / Activity : The fruit is used as an astringent and antiscorbutic. It is used in the treatment of bilious dyspepsia. The juice of the fruit is applied against earache. The bark is recommended in the treatment of stomach aches and dysentery. A paste of the bark is applied topically in the treatment of rheumatism and swollen joints. The root is considered to be useful in regulating menstruation. This plant has been known to possess anti-microbial, anti-diabetic, ulcer-protective, anti-cancerous, anti-Diarrheal, anthelmintic, cytotoxic and Hepatoprotective activity.

Plant's Phytochemicals : COMPOUNDS: beta-amyrin; oleanolic acid; daucosterol; cycloartanone 24-methylene; lignoceric acid; ellagitannins; galloylgeranin; lignoseric acid; beta–carotein; lignoceric acid; beta-sitosterol;

ACTIVE COMPOUNDS (2):

Beta-sitosterol;

Oleanolic Acid;

Plant's Current Status : -

Plant's Cross Database Reference : 259142

Reference : Dhore M. A. (1984) The flora of melghat tiger reserve - http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Spondias+pinnata - https://indiabiodiversity.org/species/show/18401 - http://www.flowersofindia.net/catalog/slides/Wild%20Mango.html - http://www.ijapsonline.com/pdfs/03_01_16/IJAPS20150401%20pdf.pdf

Reference : ~ Santosh Kumar Singh, Jay Ram Patel, Prashant Kumar Dubey and Sonia Thakur; "A review on anti-asthmatic activity of traditional medicinal plants"; IJPSR (2014); 5(10): 4109-4116 PMID :

~ Dhore MA and Joshi PA; "Flora of Melghat Tiger Reserve"; Directorate, Project Tiger, Melghat (1988); PMID :

~ Omesh Bajpai, Jitendra Pandey and Lal Babu Chaudhary; "Ethnomedicinal Uses of Tree Species by Tharu Tribes in the Himalayan Terai Region of India"; Research Journal of Medicinal Plant (2016); 10(1): 19-41 PMID :

Kingdom : Plantae - Plants
Phylum : Tracheophyta
Subkingdom : Tracheobionta - Vascular plants
Superdivision : Spermatophyta - Seed plants
Division : Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants
Class : Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons
Subclass : Rosidae
Order : Sapindales
Family : Anacardiaceae - Sumac family
Genus : Spondias L. - mombin
Species : Spondias pinnata (L. f.) Kurz

Spondias pinnata (L. f.) Kurz
Spondias pinnata (L. f.) Kurz
Spondias pinnata (L. f.) Kurz
Spondias pinnata (L. f.) Kurz