Pongamia pinnata (L.)Pierre
Pongamia pinnata (L.)Pierre
Pongamia pinnata (L.)Pierre
Pongamia pinnata (L.)Pierre
Pongamia pinnata (L.)Pierre
Pongamia pinnata (L.)Pierre
Pongamia pinnata (L.)Pierre
MT034 : Pongamia pinnata (L.)Pierre
| Plant Category | : | Tree |
| Melghat's Flora's Serial No. | : | 147 |
| Synonym | : | Cytisus pinnatus L.;
Dalbergia arborea Willd.;
Derris indica (Lam.)Benn.;
Galedupa indica Lam.;
Galedupa pinnata (L.)Taub.;
Galedupa pungum J.G.Gmel.;
Millettia novo-guineensis Kaneh. & Hatus.;
Millettia pinnata (L.)Panigrahi
Pongamia glabra Vent.;
Pongamia glabra var. xerocarpa (Hassk.)Prain;
Synonym Pongamia mitis (L.)Kurz.;
Pongamia mitis var. xerocarpa (Hassk.)Merr.;
Pongamia pinnata var. xerocarpa (Hassk.)Alston.;
Pongamia xerocarpa Hassk.;
Pterocarpus flavus Lour.;
Robinia mitis L.; |
| Plant Common Name | : | Karanji, Karanj, Pongam Tree, Indian Beech Tree, Pongame Oil Tree • Hindi: Karanj • Tamil: Pungai • Malayalam: Ponnu, Unnu • Oriya: Koranjo • Kannada: Honge • Marathi: Karanj • Telugu: Pungu • Gujarati: Karanja • Bengali: Karanj • Assamese: Karchaw • Sanskrit: Karanjah • Nepali: Karengi, Kadzaa |
| Plant Family | : | Fabaceae |
| Description | : | Evergreen trees, to18 m high, bark 10-12 mm thick, surface grey, smooth, speckled with brown; blaze-yellow; branchlets lenticellate. Leaves imparipinnate, alternate; stipules lateral, small, oblong, cauducous; rachis 10-15 cm long, slender, pulvinate, pubescent; leaflets 5-7, opposite, estipellate; petiolule 6-10 mm; slender, pubescent; leaflet 4.5-12 x 2-7 cm, elliptic-acuminate, elliptic-lanceolate, ovate or ovate-oblong, apex acuminate, margin entire, glabrous, chartaceous; lateral nerves 5-8 pairs, pinnate, ascending, slender, faint; intercostae reticulate, obscure. Flowers bisexual, purplish-white, 15-18 mm long, in lax axillary racemes, axis pubescent; bracts small, cauducous; calyx tube campanulate; minutely 5 toothed, apex truncate; corolla exserted; petals 5, clawed; standard suborbicular with curved folds above the claw; wings obliquely oblong, slightly adnate above the claws to the obtuse keel petals which are joined near the tip; stamens 10, monadelphous, the vexillary stamen free below and above; anthers uniform; ovary subsessile, inferior, 1-celled, ovules 2; style in curved, beardless; stigma capitate. Fruit a pod, 4-5 x 2-2.5 cm, obliquely oblong, flat, thick, pointed at both ends, indehiscent, slightly falcate; seed one, reniform. |
| Plant Location in Melghat | : | - |
| Medicinal Use / Activity | : | The seed oil is given as a stomachic and cholagogue in the treatment of dyspepsia and cases of sluggish liver. It is used externally as a liniment for rubbing on skin diseases and rheumatic joints. It has been shown to be effective in enhancing the pigmentation of skin affected by leucoderma or scabies. The powdered seed is given as an expectorant in the treatment of bronchitis and whooping cough, and is also prescribed as a febrifuge and tonic. A paste made from the powdered seed is spread on sores and rheumatic joints. An infusion of the leaves is used to relieve rheumatism. A decoction is used as a cough remedy. The leaves are crushed and applied as a poultice for the treatment of parasitic skin diseases and to relieve bleeding haemorrhoids. The expressed juice is used on herpes and itches. The flowers are claimed to have anti-diabetic action. The fresh stem bark is astringent and is taken internally to relieve bleeding haemorrhoids. It is also applied to reduce the enlargement of the spleen. The root bark contains a bitter alkaloid and is used as an abortifacient. The anti-septic root juice is put on sores and ulcers and used to clean teeth. Plant is used for anti-infl ammatory, anti-plasmodial, anti-nonciceptive, anti-hyperglycaemics, anti-lipidoxidative, anti-Diarrheal, anti-ulcer, anti-hyperammonic and anti-oxidant. |
| Plant's Phytochemicals | : | COMPOUNDS: beta-sitosteryl acetate; galactoside;
stigmasterol; Oleic acid; stearic acid; palmitic acid; Hiragonic acid; octadecatrienoic acid; Karangin; pongamol; pongagalabrone; pongapin; pinnatin; kanjone; pongol; Pongone;
Galbone; Pongalabol; Pongagallone A; Pongagallone B; Pongamones A;
Pongamones B;
Pongamones C;
Pongamones D;
Pongamones E; Pongamones III;
Pongamones IV;
Pongamones V;
Pongamones VI;
Pongamones VII;
Pongamones VIII;
Pongamones IX;
Pongamones X;
Pongamones XI; Pongamoside A;
Pongamoside B;
Pongamoside C; Pongamoside D; ACTIVE COMPOUNDS (2): Stigmasterol; Palmitic acid; |
| Plant's Current Status | : | IUCN Red List Category - Least Concern |
| Plant's Cross Database Reference | : | 259142 |
| Reference | : | Dhore M. A. (1984) The flora of melghat tiger reserve
- https://indiabiodiversity.org/species/show/31653
- http://www.flowersofindia.net/catalog/slides/Pongam%20Tree.html
- http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Pongamia+pinnata
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16414771
- https://www.greenpharmacy.info/index.php/ijgp/article/view/31
- http://www.sciencepub.net/nature/ns0811/19_3880ns0811_130_139.pdf |
| Reference | : | ~ Chellaiah Muthu, Muniappan Ayyanar, Nagappan Raja and Savarimuthu Ignacimuthu; "Medicinal plants used by traditional healers in Kancheepuram District of Tamil Nadu, India"; Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine (2006); 2(43): 1-10 PMID : ~ Dhore MA and Joshi PA; "Flora of Melghat Tiger Reserve"; Directorate, Project Tiger, Melghat (1988); PMID : ~ Omesh Bajpai, Jitendra Pandey and Lal Babu Chaudhary; "Ethnomedicinal Uses of Tree Species by Tharu Tribes in the Himalayan Terai Region of India"; Research Journal of Medicinal Plant (2016); 10(1): 19-41 PMID : |
| Kingdom | : Plantae - Plants |
|---|---|
| Phylum | : Tracheophyta |
| Subkingdom | : Tracheobionta - Vascular plants |
| Superdivision | : Spermatophyta - Seed plants |
| Division | : Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants |
| Class | : Equisetopsida |
| Subclass | : |
| Order | : Fabales |
| Family | : Fabaceae / Leguminosae - Pea family |
| Genus | : Pongamia |
| Species | : Pongamia pinnata (L.)Pierre |